What is the primary purpose of an accumulator in a refrigeration system?

The primary purpose of an accumulator in a refrigeration system is to prevent liquid refrigerant from reaching the compressor. This is crucial because compressors are designed to compress gas, and if liquid refrigerant enters the compressor, it can cause significant damage. The accumulator serves as a reservoir that allows any excess liquid refrigerant to be stored temporarily while only allowing vapor refrigerant to be sent to the compressor, ensuring the appropriate phase of refrigerant is being compressed.

This operation not only protects the compressor but also helps maintain the efficiency of the refrigeration cycle, allowing for optimal cooling performance. By safeguarding the compressor from liquid ingression, the accumulator extends the life of the system and enhances its reliability.

Other components in a refrigeration system have different roles, such as increasing pressure or storing refrigerant, but the specific function of preventing liquid refrigerant from entering the compressor is unique to the accumulator's role.